Tax: How you are affected

1. The salaried class: Finance Minister P Chidambaram has announced changes in the Income Tax slabs. The threshold of exemption for all Income Tax assesses raised from from Rs 1,10,000 to Rs 1,50,000.
   Every income tax assessee will get a relief of a minimum of Rs 4,000.
   New tax slabs will be: 10 per cent for Rs 1,50,000 to Rs 3,00,000, 20 per cent for Rs 3,00,000 to Rs 5,00,000 and 30 per cent above 5,00,000.
   An additional deduction of Rs 15,000 under Section 80D has been allowed to an individual who pays medical insurance premium for his/her parents.
   For government employees, there is further godo news as the Sixth Central Pay Commission will submit report by March 31, 2008. Direct tax proposals to be revenue neutral.
2. Women : For women, the income tax limit goes up from Rs 1,45,000 to Rs 1,80,000. In case of senior women citizens, it increases from Rs 1,95,000 to Rs 2,25,000.
   However, there are few more things that the finance minister has done for the women and housewives. The reduction in some of the customs and excise duties would lead to some goods becoming cheaper, especially medicines, two-wheelers, washing machines, refrigerators, small cars, etc, and this would be a relief to the housewife as she struggles to manage her household within a limited budget.
   The new tax proposals will give an extra Rs 4,000 per year to her to spend or save.
3. Senior Citizens : Senior citizens will now have the exemption limit of Rs 2,25,000 from Rs 1,95,000.
   An additional deduction of Rs 15,000 under Section 80D has been allowed to an individual who pays medical insurance premium for his/her parents.
   Senior Citizens Saving Scheme 2004 and the Post Office Term Deposit Account have been added to the basket of saving instruments under Sec.80(C) of the Income Tax Act.
   Income Tax Act to be amended to provide that reverse mortgage would not amount to transfer; and the stream of revenue received by the senior citizen would not be income.
4. Small trader, businessman : For the small trader, shopkeeper or corporate, there is some good news too.
   Central Sales Tax cut to 2% from 3%.
   No change in corporate income tax.
   No change in rate of surcharge.
   Banking Cash Transaction Tax (BCTT) being withdrawn with effect from April 1, 2009.
   Law being amended to exclude entities carrying on regular trade, commerce or business or providing services in relation to any trade, commerce or business and earning incomes from claiming that their purposes also fall under �charitable purpose;� Genuine charitable organisations not to be affected in any way.
   Parent company allowed to set off the dividend received from its subsidiary company against dividend distributed by the parent company; provided that the dividend received has suffered Dividend Distribution Tax (DDT) and the parent company is not a subsidiary of another company.
   Corporate debt instruments issued in demat form and listed on recognised stock exchanges exempted from TDS. Creche facilities, sponsorship of an employee-sportsperson, organising sports events for employees and guest houses excluded from the purview of Fringe Benefit Tax.
   Threshold limit of exemption for small service providers increased from Rs 8 lakh per year to Rs 10 lakh per year; about 65,000 small service providers go out of the tax net.
   Fm proposes to insert a new sub-section (11C) in Section 80-IB to grant a five-year tax holiday to hospitals located in any place outside the urban agglomerations especially in tier-2 and tier-3 towns; this window will be open for the period April 1, 2008 to March 31, 2013.
   Five-year holiday from income tax being granted to two, three or four star hotels established in specified districts having UNESCO-declared 'World Heritage Sites'; the hotel should be constructed and start functioning during the period April 1, 2008 to March 31, 2013.
5. Professionals, self-employed : Four services brought under service tax net namely, asset management service provided under ULIP, services provided by stock/commodity exchanges and clearing houses; right to use goods, in cases where VAT is not payable; and customized software, to bring it on par with packaged software and other IT services.
   Tax income arising from saplings or seedlings grown in a nursery exempted.
   Business of production of seeds and manufacture of agricultural implements added to the list of companies allowed weighted deduction of 150 per cent on any expenditure on in-house scientific research.
   Benefit of amortisation of certain preliminary expenses under Section 35D allowed to assessees in the services sector.
6. Brokers, stock market players : The stock market players will, however, not find the going very amusing.
   The rate of tax on short term capital gains under Section 111A & Section 115AD increased to 15 per cent.
   However, Securities Transaction Tax (STT) paid will be treated like any other deductible expenditure against business income.
   Levy of STT, in the case of options to be only on premium, where the option is not exercised; liability to be on the seller; where the option is exercised, levy to be on the settlement price and the liability on the buyer; no change in the present rates.
   No change in STT and DDT unchanged at 15%. However, there is no tax for the investor.
   Permanent Account Number (PAN): Requirement of PAN extended to all transactions in the financial market subject to suitable threshold exemption limits.
   National market for securities: Empowered Committee of State Finance Ministers to be requested to work with the central government to create pan Indian market for securities that will expand the market base and enhance the revenues of the State governments.
   Measures to expand the market for corporate bonds: Exchange-traded currency and interest rate futures to be launched and transparent credit derivatives market to be developed with appropriate safeguards; Tradability of domestic convertible bonds to be enhanced through the mechanism of enabling investors to separate the embedded equity option from the convertible bond, and trade it separately;
   Development of a market-based system for classifying financial instruments based on their complexity and implicit risks to be encouraged.
   Meanwhile, a new Commodities Transaction Tax (CTT) to be introduced on the same lines as STT on options and futures.